In chemistry, Titration is a method for determining the amount of a drug A by adding calibrated amounts of a substance B, the titrant with which it interacts, until an exact chemical equivalent (the equivalence point) is reached.
- The type of reaction determines the indication used. For example, phenolphthalein or methyl orange may be used for titrations with acids and bases.
- Titrations are most commonly used to determine the unknown amount of a component (the analyte) in a solution by allowing it to react with the solution of another compound (the titrant).
Types Of Titration
It is divided into four categories,
- Acid-base titrations.
- Redox titrations.
- Titrations of precipitates.
- Complexometric titrations.
ACID BASE TITRATIONS
A standard base solution can be used to evaluate an acid’s potency. This method is known as acidimetry. It contains an acid-base neutralizing process with water acting as the solvent. Hydrogen and the hydroxide ion combine in this process to create water.
H+ + OH– → H2O
REDOX TITRATIONS
Redox reaction is also known as oxidation-reduction reaction. The titration uses reactions that happen as a result of electron transfers between reacting solutions that are either oxidizing or reducing agents.
- Oxidizing agent is KMnO4
- Reducing agent is Na2S2O3
COMPLEXOMETRIC TITRATIONS
A weakly dissociated complex substance is created by titrating a metal-ion solution with a complexing agent. Titration with ethylene- diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) is often used.
Ag + 2 CN → [Ag(CN)2]
PRECIPITATION TITRATIONS
Precipitation titration is based on the insoluble precipitate that forms when the two reacting chemicals come into contact.
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